Types of Orchids

Orchids (family Orchidaceaeare) are the largest family of flowers in the world.

Most people associate orchids with with the tropics, however many species can be found in temperate and colder climates.

Adaptibility is one key to their evolutionary success. They grow almost anywhere.

The majority of orchid species are characterized as epiphytes, plants that grow on trees. The top picture shows an Oncidium orchid, the largest genera of orchids. Most are epiphytes.

Others grow on and around rocky outposts, forest floors, and like other flowers, from the earth's soil. The calypso orchid is one example of a terrestrial orchid.

With over twenty five thousand species organised by over eight hundred genera, a discussion of types of orchids could range from a brief and practical review to an encyclopedic review.

Because their colorful flowers make them a favorite house plant, botanists and orchid enthusiasts commonly discuss types of orchids in terms of their light, water, temperature and nutrition needs as house plants. Some genera such as Cattleya, are high light orchids, requiring a good deal of sun or artificial lighting when grown indoors. Phalaenopsis, on the other hand, are medium light orchids that grow well without extensive sun exposure.

Species in the Cattleya, Phalaenopsis and Paphiopedilum genus are considered relatively easy to grow house plants. Dendronian and Miltoniopsis growers usually encounter a few more challenges.

There are close to two hundred and fifty native orchids found in the United States. According to Florida Evironment, roughly half of the species are found in that state.

Calypso, White Bog and the Coralroot orchids are the native orchid species discussed. Cymbidium orchids are non-native species commonly grown in Southern California gardens.